Quick Answer
Three STI vaccines exist: HPV (Gardasil 9, preventing 9 types causing 90% of genital warts and 90% of cervical/throat/anal cancers), hepatitis B (Engerix-B, Recombivax — 95%+ effective, lifelong protection), and hepatitis A (Havrix, Vaqta — recommended for MSM and travelers). Mpox vaccine (JYNNEOS) also provides protection.
- HPV vaccine: series of 2-3 doses ages 9-26 (catch-up to 45 with shared decision-making).
- Hepatitis B: 3-dose series at any age — 95%+ seroprotection lasting decades.
- Hepatitis A: 2-dose series, recommended for MSM, travelers, people with chronic liver disease.
- Mpox (JYNNEOS): 2-dose series, protects against smallpox and mpox, recommended for at-risk groups.
Context Most Pages Skip
STI vaccines are the single most effective prevention tool because they don't depend on behavioral consistency. The HPV vaccine prevents cancer; hepatitis B vaccine prevents lifelong carrier status and liver cancer.
Catch-up vaccination
HPV vaccine is approved through age 45, though the CDC recommends shared decision-making for ages 27-45. If you missed the adolescent window, discuss catch-up with your provider. Hepatitis B vaccine has no upper age limit.
Sources & Further Reading
- CDC — Sexually Transmitted Infections
- CDC STI Treatment Guidelines
- WHO — Sexually transmitted infections fact sheet
- MedlinePlus — Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Figures reflect CDC surveillance and WHO estimates; they are population statistics, not personal risk predictions.