Quick Answer
Wait 7 full days after single-dose treatment (azithromycin, metronidazole, ceftriaxone shots) and until completing entire multi-day courses (doxycycline week-long regimens) before having sex again — and only once partners are treated too, or reinfection cycles begin immediately.
- CDC guidance: no sex until treatment completes plus 7 days minimum.
- Partner simultaneity matters: treating yourself while an untreated partner remains positive guarantees ping-pong reinfection.
- Test-of-cure timing differs from sex-resumption timing — you can often resume before confirmatory testing when treatment was straightforward.
- Herpes and HIV differ entirely: suppression-based management replaces cure-and-resume frameworks.
The Landscape
The 7-day window exists because antibiotics kill at population-dependent rates: early resumption exposes partners to surviving organisms mid-treatment. Reinfection statistics validate the rule — couples resuming prematurely retest positive at striking rates.
The partner gap
Expedited partner therapy solves the coordination problem: many states let clinicians prescribe for partners sight-unseen, enabling simultaneous treatment instead of sequential scheduling delays.
Special cases
PID treatment (14 days), epididymitis, and late syphilis carry longer abstinence windows — follow stage-specific instructions rather than generic rules.
Treatment Windows by Infection
Bacterial infections clear with antibiotics measured in days: single-dose azithromycin or a ceftriaxone shot for gonorrhea, seven days of doxycycline for chlamydia, penicillin injections for syphilis staged by duration. Viral infections play a longer game — suppressive antivirals for herpes, daily ART driving HIV to undetectable, and 8–12-week antiviral courses curing over 95% of hepatitis C cases.
Sources & Further Reading
- CDC — Sexually Transmitted Infections
- CDC STI Treatment Guidelines
- WHO — Sexually transmitted infections fact sheet
- MedlinePlus — Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Figures reflect CDC surveillance and WHO estimates; they are population statistics, not personal risk predictions.