Quick Answer

Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) is a medication made from human plasma that contains antibodies against the hepatitis B virus. It provides immediate, short-term protection after exposure to the virus, such as from a needle stick or birth to an infected mother. HBIG is not a treatment for chronic hepatitis B.

  • Hepatitis B immunoglobulin is given as an injection.
  • It works by supplying ready-made antibodies to neutralize the virus.
  • HBIG is most effective when given within 24 to 48 hours after exposure.
  • It is often used together with the hepatitis B vaccine for long-term protection.
  • HBIG is not used for hepatitis A or C.
  • The medication is derived from donated human blood plasma.

Context Most Pages Skip

Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), transmitted through blood or body fluids. Unlike hepatitis A (fecal-oral) or C (bloodborne), HBV can be prevented with a vaccine. However, if someone is exposed to the virus and has not been vaccinated, hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) offers a temporary shield. HBIG contains concentrated antibodies that bind to the virus and block it from infecting cells. This passive immunity lasts only a few months, which is why the vaccine is also given to build lasting protection.

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⚕️ This page is educational and does not replace advice from a licensed clinician. If you may have been exposed to an STI, get tested — most infections are manageable, and many are fully curable.

Sources & Further Reading

Figures reflect CDC surveillance and WHO estimates; they are population statistics, not personal risk predictions.